Oracle 冷备份详解 --准备工作 select * from v$database; select file_name from dba_data_files; create tablespace inv datafile '/oradata/ocm/inv01.dbf' size 2048M; create user inv identified by inv default tablespace inv temporary tablespace temp; grant dba,resource to inv; alter user scott account unlock; SQL> conn scott/tiger select * from tab; select 'create table '||tname||' as select * from scott.'||tname||';' from tab; create table BONUS as select * from scott.BONUS; create table DEPT as select * from scott.DEPT; create table EMP as select * from scott.EMP; create table SALGRADE as select * from scott.SALGRADE; create table te_objects as select * from dba_objects; --oracle冷备份 select instance_name,version,status,archiver,database_status from v$instance; select dbid,name,log_mode from v$database; --需要备份文件包括： /* 数据文件，联机重做日志文件，控制文件，临时文件，参数文件，密码文件，监听文件，tnsnames文件，sqlnet文件 */ --执行语句准备 select 'cp '|| name ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$datafile union all select 'cp '|| name ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$tempfile union all select 'cp '|| member ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$logfile union all select 'cp '|| name ||' /ggs/backup/cold_back' from v$controlfile; --注：使用以上SQL生成的Linux命令进行执行，如下： cp /oradata/ocm/system01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/sysaux01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/undotbs01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/users01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/ogg.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/inv01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/temp01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo04a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo04b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo03a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo03b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo02a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo02b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo01a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo01b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/control01.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/control02.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/control03.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back create pfile='/ggs/backup/cold_back/dbs/initocm.ora' from spfile; cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwocm /ggs/backup/cold_back/dbs/ cp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ /ggs/backup/cold_back/admin/ --关闭数据库 alter system archive log all; shutdown immediate; --执行代码 cp /oradata/ocm/system01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/sysaux01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/undotbs01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/users01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/ogg.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/inv01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/temp01.dbf /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo04a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo04b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo03a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo03b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo02a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo02b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo01a.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/redo01b.rdo /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/control01.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/control02.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back cp /oradata/ocm/control03.ctl /ggs/backup/cold_back cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwocm /ggs/backup/cold_back/dbs/ cp -r $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ /ggs/backup/cold_back/ --启动数据库 sqlplus / as sysdba startup 【冷备份的优点和缺点】 01、优点冷备模式下概念易于理解，即将需要备份的文件复制到安全的位置操作比较简单，不需要太多的干预容易恢复到某个时间点上(只需将文件再拷贝回去)能与归档方法相结合，作数据库“最新状态”的恢复。 02、缺点 备份时，数据库必须处于一致性关闭状态 只能提供到某一时间点的恢复 备份时速度比较慢，尤其是数据量大性能影响比较大 不能实现基于表和用户级别的数据恢复。(编辑：雷林鹏 来源：网络)
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/pengpeng1208/p/9546852.html
