在做接口测试的时候都会用到很多工具，如postman、jmeter、soupUI等工具，除了这些工具外，我们也可以用python的第3方库requests来做接口测试。

 

request简介

requests是python实现的简单易用的HTTP库，属于python的第3方库，通过pip进行安装使用。

requests中文文档：https://2.python-requests.org//zh_CN/latest/user/quickstart.html#

requests安装

1.打开cmd

2.通过pip进行安装

# 安装requests pip install requests

 

requests发送get请求

源码：

def get(url, params=None, **kwargs): r"""Sends a GET request. :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object. :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send in the body of the :class:`Request`. :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes. :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object :rtype: requests.Response """ kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True) return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)

1.首先导入requests模块

2.选择get方法请求地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/qican/

3.可以查看请求的返回内容

# coding:utf-8 # 导入模块 import requests # 请求地址 url = 'https://www.cnblogs.com/qican/' r = requests.get(url) # 请求返回内容 text = r.text print(text)

4.请求携带参数params

5.请求地址：http://httpbin.org/get?

6.请求参数书写以字典形式编写如{ "name":  "requests" }

# coding:utf-8 # 导入requests模块 import requests # 携带参数 params = { "name": "request", "name1":"python" } # 请求地址 url = 'http://httpbin.org/get?' r = requests.get(url,params=params) text = r.text print(text) 代码结果： { "args": { "name": "requests", "name1": "python" }, "headers": { "Accept": "*/*", "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", "Host": "httpbin.org", "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.21.0" }, "origin": "116.247.112.151, 116.247.112.151", "url": "https://httpbin.org/get?name=requests&name1=python" }

通过观察，可以发现最后的url地址已经被更改成了name=requests和name1=python

 

requests请求post

源码：

def post(url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs): r"""Sends a POST request. :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object. :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`. :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`. :param \*\*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes. :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object :rtype: requests.Response """ return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)

1.导入requests模块

2.选择post方法请求：http://apis.juhe.cn/simpleWeather/query

3.输入参数格式{”name“：”value“}

# coding:utf-8 import requests # 导入模块 url = 'http://apis.juhe.cn/simpleWeather/query' # 请求地址 # 请求参数 data = { "city":"上海", "key":"331eab8f3481f37868378fcdc76cb7cd" } r = requests.post(data=data,url=url) print(r.text)

 

返回值其他内容

r.text # 返回全部内容 r.url # 返回的url地址 r.content # 返回解码后的内容 r.cookies # 返回cookies r.headers # 返回携带的请求头 r.status_code # 返回状态码 r.json() # 返回json格式

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/qican/p/11153054.html