> 环境 centos 7.5
1. 下载 Mysql 5.7 和 boost 源码包
```bash # 创建工作目录 mkdir -p /data/mysql/build && cd /data/mysql/build # 下载 mysql 5.7 和 boost 源码 yum install -y wget wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.23.tar.gz wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz ```
2. 系统更新以及编译依赖
```bash yum update -y && yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake bison ```
3. 创建 mysql 系统用户组
```bash groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql ```
4. 预编译 mysql
```bash tar zxvf mysql-5.7.23.tar.gz && tar zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz cd mysql-5.7.23 # 开始预编译 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \ -DWITH_BOOST=../boost_1_59_0 \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_unicode_ci \ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 ```
5. 编译安装
```bash # 这里使用多核心编译，提高编译速度 make -j `grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l` make install ```
6. 创建 mysql.cnf 配置文件
```shell # 此配置情况修改 cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set = utf8mb4 [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid user = mysql bind-address = 0.0.0.0 server-id = 1 init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8mb4' character-set-server = utf8mb4 #skip-name-resolve #skip-networking back_log = 300 max_connections = 1000 max_connect_errors = 6000 open_files_limit = 65535 table_open_cache = 128 max_allowed_packet = 4M binlog_cache_size = 8M max_binlog_cache_size=512M max_binlog_size=512M max_heap_table_size = 8M tmp_table_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M join_buffer_size = 8M key_buffer_size = 4M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_size = 8M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 log_bin = /data/mysql/logbin.log log_bin_index=/data/mysql/logindex binlog_format = ROW expire_logs_days = 30 log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log performance_schema = 0 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp #lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-external-locking default_storage_engine = InnoDB #default-storage-engine = MyISAM innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_open_files = 500 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 64M innodb_write_io_threads = 4 innodb_read_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 innodb_purge_threads = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 32M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 interactive_timeout = 28800 wait_timeout = 28800 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer = 4M write_buffer = 4M EOF ```
7. 初始化数据库
```bash # 清空 /data/mysql 文件夹，用来保存 mysql 初始数据 cd /data && rm -rf /data/mysql/build # 在 /data/mysql 下初始化 mysql 数据库 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql ```
8. 查找 mysql 默认密码
```shell # 查找到的字符即为 mysql 默认密码 grep -o "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost:.*" mysql/mysql-error.log | cut -d ":" -f2 ```
9. mysql 启动脚本
```bash cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld # 设置开机自启 mysql systemctl enable mysqld # 启动 mysql 进程 systemctl start mysqld ```
10. mysql 环境变量
```bash echo PATH=\${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin/ >> /etc/profile source /etc/profile ```
11. 开启远程登录和密码修改(出于安全考虑，请自行斟酌)
```bash # 修改 mysql 默认密码 mysql -u root -p # 设置新密码为 123456 mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('123456'); # 创建一个远程 root 账户 密码为 mypassword mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword' WITH GRANT OPTION; # 刷新 权限 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; ```
12. mysql 增量和全量备份
```shell # 创建备份目录, 备份脚本 mkdir -p /data/mysql_backup/daily # 全量备份脚本 ---BEGIN cat > /data/mysql_backup/backup_all.sh <<-'EOF' #!/bin/bash export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 # 备份目录 BackupDir=/data/mysql_backup # 备份日志 LogFile=${BackupDir}/bak.log # 当前日期 Date=`date +%Y%m%d` # 开始时间 Begin=`date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` cd $BackupDir DumpFile=$Date.sql GZDumpFile=$Date.sql.tgz # 全量备份 数据库，重新建立 binlog, 建议使用非 root 用户进行备份 mysqldump -ubackup -p123456 --all-databases --flush-logs --delete-master-logs --single-transaction > $DumpFile # 打包压缩 tar -czvf $GZDumpFile $DumpFile rm $DumpFile count=$(ls -l *.tgz |wc -l) if [ $count -ge 7 ] then file=$(ls -l *.tgz |awk '{print $9}'|awk 'NR==1') rm -f $file fi # 结束时间 Last=`date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` # 写入日志文件 echo 开始:$Begin 结束:$Last $GZDumpFile succ >> $LogFile # 删除以前的增量备份文件 cd $BackupDir/daily rm -f * EOF # 全量备份脚本 --END # 增量备份脚本 --BEGIN cat > /data/mysql_backup/backup_inc.sh <<-'EOF' #!/bin/bash export LANG=en_US.UTF-8 # 工作目录 WorkDir=/data/mysql_backup # 增量备份目录 BackupDir=${WorkDir}/daily # mysql bin log 日志文件所在目录 BinDir=/data/mysql LogFile=${WorkDir}/binlog.log # bin log 索引文件 BinFile=/data/mysql/logindex.index #这个是用于产生新的mysql-bin.00000*文件 ,建议使用非 root 用户执行 mysqladmin -ubackup -p123456 flush-logs Counter=`wc -l $BinFile |awk '{print $1}'` NextNum=0 #这个for循环用于比对$Counter,$NextNum这两个值来确定文件是不是存在或最新的。 for file in `cat $BinFile` do base=`basename $file` #basename用于截取mysql-bin.00000*文件名，去掉./mysql-bin.000005前面的./ NextNum=`expr $NextNum + 1` if [ $NextNum -eq $Counter ] then echo $base skip! >> $LogFile else dest=$BackupDir/$base if(test -e $dest) #test -e用于检测目标文件是否存在，存在就写exist!到$LogFile去。 then echo $base exist! >> $LogFile else cp $BinDir/$base $BackupDir echo $base copying >> $LogFile fi fi done echo `date +"%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S"` Bakup succ! >> $LogFile EOF # 增量备份脚本 --END # 创建 mysql backup 最小权限用户用于备份操作 mysql> CREATE USER 'backup'@'localhost'; mysql> ALTER USER 'backup'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; mysql> grant lock tables,reload,process,replication client,super,select,event,trigger,show view on *.* to backup@'localhost'; mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; # crontab -e 添加以下任务计划 #-------------- BEGIN --------------- #每个星期日凌晨3:00执行完全备份脚本 0 3 * * 0 /data/mysql_backup/backup_all.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 #周一到周六凌晨3:00做增量备份 0 3 * * 1-6 /data/mysql_backup/backup_inc.sh >/dev/null 2>&1 #--------------- END ---------------- ```
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Christine-ting/p/10697708.html
