python编程小技巧

文章目录

一. 获取当前模块的类名二. 监控函数的运行三. split分割字符串四. 写文件的两种方法五. 加载不同类型的配置文件

一. 获取当前模块的类名

#coding:utf-8 import sys class People(): def __init__(self, name): print "name:", name print "*"*30 print "class_name:", self.__class__.__name__ if __name__ == "__main__": p = People("zhangsan")

运行结果

name: zhangsan ****************************** class_name: People

二. 监控函数的运行

#coding:utf-8 import sys def fun_1(name, age): print "name: %s, age: %s" %(name, age) def fun_2(school): print "school: %s" %(school) def run_fun(fun_name, *arg): try: fun_name(*arg) except Exception,e: print "error\t error_type=%s\t error_info=%s" %(fun_name.__name__, repr(e)) if __name__ == "__main__": run_fun(fun_1, "zhangsan", 29) run_fun(fun_2, "Henan Politecnic University") run_fun(fun_2, "Henan Politecnic University", "test")

运行结果

name: zhangsan, age: 29 school: Henan Politecnic University error error_type=fun_2 error_info=TypeError('fun_2() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given)',)

三. split分割字符串

str.split(str="", num=string.count(str))

参数：

str – 分隔符，默认为所有的空字符，包括空格、换行(\n)、制表符(\t)等。num – 分割次数。默认为 -1, 即分隔所有。

返回值：返回分割后的字符串列表。

示例：

print "hehe nlj 20".split(" ") print "hehe nlj 20".split(" ", 1)

运行结果

['hehe', 'nlj', '20'] ['hehe', 'nlj 20']

四. 写文件的两种方法

示例

#coding:utf-8 import sys f = open("write.txt", "w") my_str = "hello world !!!" #方法1： f.write(my_str+"\n") #方法2： print >> f, my_str

运行结果:

以上两种方法的效果一样

hello world !!! hello world !!!

五. 加载不同类型的配置文件

示例

目录结构如下：

|—load_conf.py

| ----conf

​ |----test_1.json

​ |----test_2.json

​ |----test_3.cfg

test_1.json

[ "Demo1Feature", "Demo2Feature", "Demo3Feature" ]

test_2.json

{ "ug_model": { "name":"ug_model", "feature_name":[1021001003, 1021401001, 1021001004, 1021401002] }, "outlier_model": { "name":"outlier_model", "feature_name":[1031001003, 1031401001, 1031001004, 1031401002] } }

test_3.cfg

[default] name="zhangsan" age="30" school="Henan Politecnic University"

load_conf.py代码

#coding:utf-8 import json import glob import re import sys import ConfigParser def load_json(): featurelib_conf_dir = "conf" featurelib_conf_suffix_extension = ".json" for feature_lib_conf_file in glob.glob(featurelib_conf_dir+'/*'+ featurelib_conf_suffix_extension): with open(feature_lib_conf_file, 'r') as f: feature_production_conf = json.loads(re.sub('(\/\/.*)', '', re.sub('(/\*(.*?)\*/)', '', f.read(), flags=re.S))) print feature_lib_conf_file, "*"*30, type(feature_production_conf) if isinstance(feature_production_conf, list): for k in feature_production_conf: print k elif isinstance(feature_production_conf, dict): for k,v in feature_production_conf.items(): print k,v def load_cfg(): conf_dir = "conf" conf_suffix_extension = ".cfg" for conf_file in glob.glob(conf_dir+'/*'+conf_suffix_extension): print "conf_file:", conf_file, "*"*30 cfg = ConfigParser.ConfigParser() cfg.read(conf_file) sections = cfg.sections() for section in sections: print "section:", section, "+"*20 for k,v in cfg.items(section): print k,"-->", v if __name__ == "__main__": load_json() load_cfg()

运行结果：

conf/test_1.json ****************************** <type 'list'> Demo1Feature Demo2Feature Demo3Feature conf/test_2.json ****************************** <type 'dict'> outlier_model {u'feature_name': [1031001003, 1031401001, 1031001004, 1031401002], u'name': u'outlier_model'} ug_model {u'feature_name': [1021001003, 1021401001, 1021001004, 1021401002], u'name': u'ug_model'} conf_file: conf/test_3.cfg ****************************** section: default ++++++++++++++++++++ name --> "zhangsan" age --> "30" school --> "Henan Politecnic University"