ArcGIS Server 中的 Ajax技术的实现(举例说明)

it2022-05-10  127

什么,你不懂Ajax,好吧,那么 在开始之前,我们先看下Ajax的定义,

   Ajax 是 Asynchronous JavaScript and XML(以及 DHTML 等)的缩写。Ajax由几种已有技术以新的强大方式组合:基于XHTMLCSS标准的表示;使用Document Object Model进行动态显示和交互;使用XMLHttpRequest与服务器进行异步通信;使用JavaScript绑定一切。

      另外,我们来看看Callback机制,微软在ASP.NET 2.0中提出客户端Callback机制,其目的在于实现页面异步调用和无刷新局部显示。从技术角度分析,Callback机制就是对AJAX部分功能进行了封装(图2),其框架中提供全新接口ICallbackEventHandler用来指示控件作为服务器的回调事件的目标,通过接口的方法可轻松实现页面局部刷新技术。

      ArcGIS Server在其最新的ArcGIS Server 9.2中为解决含有ADF组件页面局部刷新问题,在Asp.Net 2.0 Callback机制的基础上扩充引入了Ajax架构。所以从这点来看,.Net Callback 回调机制对于我们每一个学习ArcGIS Server 的人来说还是依然至关重要的!

      我们说Callback机制实际上就是一个接口ICallbackEventHandler,提供了两个方法,

      GetCallbackResult和RaiseCallbackEvent,其语法结构分别如下:

      string GetcallbackResult();

      void RaiseCallbackEvent(string eventArgument);

      前者返回以控件为目标的回调事件的结果,后者处理以控件为目标的回调事件,即执行回调事件。通过以上两个方法回调所实现的功能主要是:从客户端接收一个数据参数,在服务器端获取这个参数,并执行一个实现所需功能的事件,最后返回客户端所需结果数据。因此,如果要应用Callback机制,Page就必须继承接口ICallbackEventHandler。 通俗点说,RaiseCallbackEvent就是接收客户端的指令,然后对其进行处理,然后通过GetcallbackResult返回给客户端。

         另外,在.net中有一个函数可以使用客户端的脚本调用服务器端指定的函数。也就是通过这个方法才实现了.net中页面的无回调刷新的。

public string GetCallbackEventReference (Control control,string argument,string clientCallback,string context) 参数: control 处理客户端回调的服务器 Control。该控件必须实现 ICallbackEventHandler 接口并提供 RaiseCallbackEvent 方法。 argument 从客户端脚本传递一个参数到服务器端的RaiseCallbackEvent 方法。 clientCallback 一个客户端事件处理程序的名称,该处理程序接收服务器端事件返回的结果。 context 启动回调之前在客户端的客户端脚本信息。脚本的结果传回给客户端事件处理程序。 返回值 调用客户端回调的客户端函数的名称。 返回服务器端的响应函数是没有选择的。必须是服务器端的RaiseCallbackEvent,因此当一个页面中有多个地方需要回调的时候,就需要使用参数来区分。 客户端的响应函数使用javascripts来写,没有什么问题,在这里把返回的结果刷新出来。 服务器端的实现代码放在RaiseCallbackEvent中,也没有什么问题。 还有一个问题就是GetCallbackEventReference这个函数放在哪里, 一个位置是放在page_load中, m_copyrightCallback = Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(Page, "argument", "processCallbackResult", "context", true); 另一个就是直接放在客户端的事件当中。

 

<%=ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(this,"imagechange","ShowServerTime2",null) %>

说了这么多,可能还是不太懂,我们举个例子来说明吧。

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

         本例子主要是先实现查询,查询结果显示在页面上的一个DIV中,然后将查询结果在地图上定位显示,在地图上显示这个过程是定位到所查询结果要素所在的那个区域, 并且实现时整个页面看起来不刷新(实际也是在刷新),只是地图在刷新。

当然这个刷新的动态过程图片描述不出来,自己运行去看吧。 

 

首先要加入map,mapresourcemanager,toolbar,toc等控件并设置关联,另外需要在mapresourcemanager 中除了自己的要用的地图外,还添加一个name为 Selection的资源,类型为GraphicsLayer, 其他操作都比较简单,在这里就省略了。

1、加入html控件

    拖入一个html控件下的Text和两个Button 以及一个DIV,ID分别为:txtCommunitybtnCommunitybtnCommunity2,list1(其中Text用来输入查询的文字,btnCommunity用来查询,btnCommunity2用来在地图上地位,list1用来显示查询的结果)。然后分别单击获得两个Button的click事件,代码如下:

<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">

function btnCommunity_onclick() {

      //获取输入的查询关键字          var v=document.getElementById("txtCommunity").value;          //生成请求字符串          var argument = "ControlID=Map1&ControlType=Map&Type=queryC1&EventArg=" + v;          var context = "Map";          //m_Callback 由服务端的Page_load事件中生成的,用于请求服务端的js代码          var script=<%= m_Callback %>         //用eval执行字符串         eval(script);

 

}

function btnCommunity2_onclick() {

//获取输入的查询关键字

         var v=document.getElementById("txtCommunity").value;          //生成请求字符串          var argument = "ControlID=Map1&ControlType=Map&Type=queryC&EventArg=" + v;          var context = "Map";          //m_Callback 由服务端的Page_load事件中生成的,用于请求服务端的js代码          var script=<%= m_Callback %>         //用eval执行字符串         eval(script);

}

//这个函数是用来实现查询结果的显示在页面中

function gocenger(id)       {        //请求字符串         var argument = "ControlID=Map1&ControlType=Map&Type=center&EventArg=" + id;         var context = "Map";         var script=<%= m_Callback %>         eval(script);      }

 

  </script>

 

注意argument中的参数 ,其中Type与.cs文件的具体如何执行操作的判别有关,EventArg是从客户端传到服务器端的值(这里就是v的值)。

 

2、在.cs中,首先要实现 ICallbackEventHandler接口,这是实现页面局部刷新的基础。

 public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page, ICallbackEventHandler     {                       

                public string m_Callback = "";        

        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)         {            

 

            //生成客户端脚本段         m_Callback = Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(Page, "argument", "processCallbackResult", "context", true);

            //这句话就是同上文所讲述的GetCallbackEventReference 的调用                    }

 

                                                   //以下就是实现的关键代码 ,可能有些垃圾代码,水平有限,请见谅。         

     #region ICallbackEventHandler 成员

        private string _callbackArg;         //负责把结果回传给客户端         string ICallbackEventHandler.GetCallbackResult()         {             return RaiseCallbackEvent(_callbackArg);                        

        }

        //负责从客户端javascript传来的参数         void ICallbackEventHandler.RaiseCallbackEvent(string eventArgument)         {             _callbackArg = eventArgument;

          

        }

 

        //对客户端的请求进行处理         public virtual  string RaiseCallbackEvent(string _callbackArg)         {

                                              

 

                string v = "";       //v 是用来最后传给客户端的结果                                                           NameValueCollection keyValColl = CallbackUtility.ParseStringIntoNameValueCollection(_callbackArg);

             //本例子是用来实现对地图中“社区”这一图层的查询,改成自己的数据即可,

 if (keyValColl["Type"].ToString() == "queryC1")//这个if中的语句用来实现查询的,                     {

 

                        System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();                         string Input = keyValColl["EventArg"];//Input 即获得了页面中在Text 中输入的值

                        string str = "";

                                                 string targetlayername = "社区";

                        //获取Data Layers的MapFunctionality                         ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IMapFunctionality mf = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IMapFunctionality)Map1.GetFunctionality(1);                         ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IGISResource gisresource = mf.Resource;                         //是否支持QueryFunctionality                         bool supported = gisresource.SupportsFunctionality(typeof(ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality));                         if (supported)                         {                             //创建QueryFunctionality                             ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality qfunc = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality)gisresource.CreateFunctionality(typeof(ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality), null);                             string[] lids;                             string[] lnames;                             //查询图层的id和名称                             qfunc.GetQueryableLayers(null, out lids, out lnames);

                            int layer_index = 0;                             //获取目标图层的index                             for (int i = 0; i < lnames.Length; i++)                             {                                 if (lnames[i] == targetlayername)                                 {                                     layer_index = i;                                     break;                                 }

 

                            }                             //空间过滤                             ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.SpatialFilter spatialfilter = new ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.SpatialFilter();                             //是否返回地理元素                             spatialfilter.ReturnADFGeometries = false;                             //返回最大记录数                             spatialfilter.MaxRecords = 1000;                             spatialfilter.Geometry = Map1.GetFullExtent();                             //查询目标图层并且把结果存入DataTable                             //查询语句                             spatialfilter.WhereClause = " CommuName LIKE '" + Input + "%'";//这个 CommuName 字段改成自己数据中的字段即可                                                         System.Data.DataTable datatable = qfunc.Query(null, lids[layer_index], spatialfilter);

                            //组成显示内容                             for (int i = 0; i < datatable.Rows.Count; i++)                             {                                 string idv = datatable.Rows[i]["FID"].ToString();

                                                                string namev = datatable.Rows[i]["CommuName"].ToString();

                                if (i == 0)                                 {                                     str = "<a href='#' οnclick=gocenger('" + idv + "')>" + namev + "</a>";                                 }                                 else                                 {                                     str = str + "<br/>" + "<a href='#' οnclick=gocenger('" + idv + "')>" + namev + "</a>";                                 }

                            }

 

                            //重新获得Map1控件所有的 functionality                             IEnumerable gfc = Map1.GetFunctionalities();                             ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.Graphics.MapResource gResource = null;                             foreach (IGISFunctionality gfunc in gfc)                             {                                 //找到名为"Selection"的MapResource                                 if (gfunc.Resource.Name == "Selection")                                 {                                     //down cast到 ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.Graphics.MapResource                                     gResource = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.Graphics.MapResource)gfunc.Resource;                                 }                             }

                            if (gResource == null)                                 return null;

                            ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer glayer = null;

                            foreach (System.Data.DataTable dt in gResource.Graphics.Tables)                             {                                 if (dt is ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer)                                 {                                     glayer = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer)dt;                                     break;                                 }                             }

                            if (glayer == null)                             {                                 glayer = new ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer();

                                gResource.Graphics.Tables.Add(glayer);                             }

                            //清除已有数据                             glayer.Clear();

                            DataRowCollection drs = datatable.Rows;

                            int shpind = -1;                             for (int i = 0; i < datatable.Columns.Count; i++)                             {                                 if (datatable.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Geometry))                                 {                                     //找到Geometry 字段的序号                                     shpind = i;                                     break;                                 }                             }

                            try                             {                                 foreach (DataRow dr in drs)                                 {                                     ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Geometry geom = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Geometry)dr[shpind];

                                    //创建一个 GraphicElement                                     ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.GraphicElement ge = null;                                     ge = new ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.GraphicElement(geom, System.Drawing.Color.Red);                                     ge.Symbol.Transparency = 50.0;

                                    //将 GraphicElement添加到ElementGraphicsLayer中                                     glayer.Add(ge);                                     Map1.Extent = glayer.FullExtent;                                 }                             }                             catch (InvalidCastException ice)                             {                                 throw new Exception("No geometry available in datatable");                             }

                            if (Map1.ImageBlendingMode == ImageBlendingMode.WebTier)                             {                                 Map1.Refresh();

                            }                             else if (Map1.ImageBlendingMode == ImageBlendingMode.Browser)                             {                                 //只刷新Graphics Resource                                 Map1.RefreshResource(gResource.Name);                             }

                            int n = datatable.Rows.Count;                             if (n < 1)                             {                                 str = "<a href='#' οnclick=gocenger('" + 0 + "')>" + "找不到相关记录!" + "</a>";

                                sb.AppendFormat("div:::{0}:::innercontent:::{1}", "list1", str);                                                                // this.ListBox1.Items.Add(new ListItem("找不到相关记录"));                                                                v = sb.ToString();

                                return v;

                            }

                        }

                        sb.AppendFormat("div:::{0}:::innercontent:::{1}", "list1", str);  //查询到的结果就是显示在list1中的                        

                        v = sb.ToString();

                        

                        return v;     //将查询到的结果及显示方式传回到客户端

                    }

                  else  if (keyValColl["Type"].ToString() == "queryC")//这个if语句用来实现查询结果在地图上定位的                     {

 

                        System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();                         string Input = keyValColl["EventArg"];                          string str = "";

                                                string targetlayername = "社区";

                        //获取Data Layers的MapFunctionality                         ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IMapFunctionality mf = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IMapFunctionality) Map1.GetFunctionality(1);                         ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IGISResource gisresource = mf.Resource;                         //是否支持QueryFunctionality                         bool supported = gisresource.SupportsFunctionality(typeof(ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality));                         if (supported)                         {                             //创建QueryFunctionality                             ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality qfunc = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality)gisresource.CreateFunctionality(typeof(ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.IQueryFunctionality), null);                             string[] lids;                             string[] lnames;                             //查询图层的id和名称                             qfunc.GetQueryableLayers(null, out lids, out lnames);

                            int layer_index = 0;                             //获取目标图层的index                             for (int i = 0; i < lnames.Length; i++)                             {                                 if (lnames[i] == targetlayername)                                 {                                     layer_index = i;                                     break;                                 }

 

                            }                             //空间过滤                             ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.SpatialFilter spatialfilter = new ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.SpatialFilter();                             //是否返回地理元素                             spatialfilter.ReturnADFGeometries = false;                             //返回最大记录数                             spatialfilter.MaxRecords = 1000;                             spatialfilter.Geometry = Map1.GetFullExtent();                             //查询目标图层并且把结果存入DataTable                             //查询语句                            

                            spatialfilter.WhereClause = " CommuName LIKE '" + Input + "%'";                                                          System.Data.DataTable datatable = qfunc.Query(null, lids[layer_index], spatialfilter);

                           

                            //重新获得Map1控件所有的 functionality                             IEnumerable gfc = Map1.GetFunctionalities();                             ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.Graphics.MapResource gResource = null;                             foreach (IGISFunctionality gfunc in gfc)                             {                                 //找到名为"Selection"的MapResource                                 if (gfunc.Resource.Name == "Selection")                                 {                                     //down cast到 ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.Graphics.MapResource                                       //将查询到的结果存到"Selection"的MapResource 中                                 gResource = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.DataSources.Graphics.MapResource)gfunc.Resource;

                                   }                             }

                            if (gResource == null)                                 return null;

                            ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer glayer = null;

                            foreach (System.Data.DataTable dt in gResource.Graphics.Tables)                             {                                 if (dt is ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer)                                 {                                     glayer = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer)dt;                                     break;                                 }                             }

                            if (glayer == null)                             {                                 glayer = new ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.ElementGraphicsLayer();

                                gResource.Graphics.Tables.Add(glayer);                             }

                            //清除已有数据                             glayer.Clear();

                            DataRowCollection drs = datatable.Rows;

                            int shpind = -1;                             for (int i = 0; i < datatable.Columns.Count; i++)                             {                                 if (datatable.Columns[i].DataType == typeof(ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Geometry))                                 {                                     //找到Geometry 字段的序号                                     shpind = i;                                     break;                                 }                             }

                            try                             {                                 foreach (DataRow dr in drs)                                 {                                     ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Geometry geom = (ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Geometry)dr[shpind];

                                    //创建一个 GraphicElement                                     ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.GraphicElement ge = null;                                     ge = new ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Display.Graphics.GraphicElement(geom, System.Drawing.Color.Red);                                     ge.Symbol.Transparency = 50.0;

                                    //将 GraphicElement添加到ElementGraphicsLayer中                                     glayer.Add(ge);                                     Map1.Extent = glayer.FullExtent;//将地图的显示范围该变为查询结果要素的范围

                           //若是查询到的结果为点,上面这句话要改成以下这段语句:

                  //double x1 =glayer.FullExtent.XMax+25;                 // double x2=glayer.FullExtent.XMin-25;                  //double  y1= glayer.FullExtent.YMax+25;                 // double y2=glayer.FullExtent.YMin-25;                 // ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Envelope pEnv = new ESRI.ArcGIS.ADF.Web.Geometry.Envelope();                 //   pEnv.XMin =x2;                 //   pEnv.XMax = x1;                 //   pEnv.YMin=y2;                  //  pEnv.YMax = y1;                                    // Map1.Extent =pEnv.Expand(1);                                

                                }                             }                             catch (InvalidCastException ice)                             {                                 throw new Exception("No geometry available in datatable");                             }

                            if (Map1.ImageBlendingMode == ImageBlendingMode.WebTier)                             {                                 Map1.Refresh();

                            }                             else if (Map1.ImageBlendingMode == ImageBlendingMode.Browser)                             {                                 //只刷新Graphics Resource                                 Map1.RefreshResource(gResource.Name);                             }

                            

                                                     }

                        v = Map1.CallbackResults.ToString();

                        return v;           //返回了查询结果显示的内容及其显示范围

                    }

                    

 3、好了,大体上就是这些步骤,2中有很多的注释看起来有点乱,但是一般是写在代码的对应地方,我觉得这样可能易于理解,请见谅!

             本文中例子的版权属于千秋一统哦!

       

 

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/tuncaysanli/archive/2008/11/09/1328551.html


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