原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/nick4/archive/2009/04/15/1436480.html
收集一些在DataGridVeiw使用技巧，备用。
一、DataGridView 单元格验证
1、定义单元格验证要求：验证错误后焦点不离开。实现：单元格的验证可以使用dgv_details_CellValidating事件。验证不通过时调用e.Cancel = true;终止事件链，单元格将保持编辑状态。调用dgv_details.CancelEdit();可以使单元格的内容会滚到修改前的值。使用System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.Send("^a");将全选单元格的内容。
2、单元格选中并开始编辑状态实现：
//DataGridView获得焦点 dgv_details.Focus(); //DataGridView指定当前单元格 dgv_details.CurrentCell = dgv_details[0, 0]; //开始编辑状态 dgv_details.BeginEdit(false);3、定制自动生成绑定了列实现：
dgv_details.AutoGenerateColumns = false;4、设置列的背景色实现：
Color GridReadOnlyColor = Color.LightGoldenrodYellow; dgv_details.Columns[1].DefaultCellStyle.BackColor = WinKeys.GridReadOnlyColor;5、DataGridView单元格验证的设计的问题问题：绑定还是不绑定？1）绑定的优势：比较简单，代码少。2）绑定得缺点：DataGridView中的数据受数据源的影响（主键约束、值类型约束）。不一至时会激发DataError事件，输入的内容无法保存到单元格中和数据源中。特殊的验证（比如长度、格式等）还是需要另外写代码实现。关于增加行的问题。增加新行时多主键的验证有问题，而且验证不通过时会将新行全部删除。限制很多，很不方便。3）非绑定的优势：验证等处理比较灵活。不受数据源的约束。4）非绑定得缺点：显示和向数据库更新数据时需要比较多的代码实现，效率比较低。5）总的感觉在处理验证比较麻烦的场合，我还是比较喜欢非绑定的方式。如果数据量大，验证比较简单的场合使用绑定模式比较好。
二、DataGridView重绘代码
1、CellFormatting事件，一般重绘单元格属性。
private Bitmap highPriImage; private Bitmap mediumPriImage; private Bitmap lowPriImage; private void dataGridView1_CellFormatting(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewCellFormattingEventArgs e) { // Set the background to red for negative values in the Balance column. if (dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].Name.Equals("Balance")) { Int32 intValue; if (Int32.TryParse((String)e.Value, out intValue) && (intValue < 0)) { e.CellStyle.BackColor = Color.Red; e.CellStyle.SelectionBackColor = Color.DarkRed; } }
// Replace string values in the Priority column with images. if (dataGridView1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex].Name.Equals("Priority")) { // Ensure that the value is a string. String stringValue = e.Value as string; if (stringValue == null) return;
// Set the cell ToolTip to the text value. DataGridViewCell cell = dataGridView1[e.ColumnIndex, e.RowIndex]; cell.ToolTipText = stringValue;
// Replace the string value with the image value. switch (stringValue) { case "high": e.Value = highPriImage; break; case "medium": e.Value = mediumPriImage; break; case "low": e.Value = lowPriImage; break; } } }2、CellPainting事件，一般用于合并单元格用Windows Forms DataGridView 没有提供合并单元格的功能，要实现合并单元格的功能就要在CellPainting事件中使用Graphics.DrawLine和 Graphics.DrawString 自己来“画”。下面的代码可以对DataGridView第1列内容相同的单元格进行合并：
#region"合并单元格的测试" private int? nextrow = null; private int? nextcol = null; private void dataGridView1_CellFormatting(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewCellFormattingEventArgs e) { if (this.dataGridView1.Columns["description"].Index == e.ColumnIndex && e.RowIndex >= 0) { if (this.nextcol != null & e.ColumnIndex == this.nextcol) { e.CellStyle.BackColor = Color.LightBlue; this.nextcol = null; } if (this.nextrow != null & e.RowIndex == nextrow) { e.CellStyle.BackColor = Color.LightPink; this.nextrow = null; } if (e.RowIndex != this.dataGridView1.RowCount - 1) { if (e.Value.ToString() == this.dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex + 1].Cells[e.ColumnIndex].Value.ToString()) { e.CellStyle.BackColor = Color.LightPink; nextrow = e.RowIndex + 1; } } } if (this.dataGridView1.Columns["name"].Index == e.ColumnIndex && e.RowIndex >= 0) { if (e.Value.ToString() == this.dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[e.ColumnIndex + 1].Value.ToString()) { e.CellStyle.BackColor = Color.LightBlue; nextcol = e.ColumnIndex + 1; } } } //==========================//绘制单元格 private void dataGridView1_CellPainting(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.DataGridViewCellPaintingEventArgs e) {
//纵向合并 if (this.dataGridView1.Columns["description"].Index == e.ColumnIndex && e.RowIndex >= 0) {
using ( Brush gridBrush = new SolidBrush(this.dataGridView1.GridColor), backColorBrush = new SolidBrush(e.CellStyle.BackColor)) { using (Pen gridLinePen = new Pen(gridBrush)) { // 擦除原单元格背景 e.Graphics.FillRectangle(backColorBrush, e.CellBounds); 绘制线条,这些线条是单元格相互间隔的区分线条, 因为我们只对列name做处理,所以datagridview自己会处理左侧和上边缘的线条 if (e.RowIndex != this.dataGridView1.RowCount - 1) { if (e.Value.ToString() != this.dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex + 1].Cells[e.ColumnIndex].Value.ToString()) {
e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, e.CellBounds.Left, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1, e.CellBounds.Right - 1, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1);//下边缘的线 //绘制值 if (e.Value != null) { e.Graphics.DrawString((String)e.Value, e.CellStyle.Font, Brushes.Crimson, e.CellBounds.X + 2, e.CellBounds.Y + 2, StringFormat.GenericDefault); } } } else { e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, e.CellBounds.Left, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1, e.CellBounds.Right - 1, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1);//下边缘的线 //绘制值 if (e.Value != null) { e.Graphics.DrawString((String)e.Value, e.CellStyle.Font, Brushes.Crimson, e.CellBounds.X + 2, e.CellBounds.Y + 2, StringFormat.GenericDefault); } } //右侧的线 e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, e.CellBounds.Right - 1, e.CellBounds.Top, e.CellBounds.Right - 1, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1);
e.Handled = true; } } }
//横向合并 if (this.dataGridView1.Columns["name"].Index == e.ColumnIndex && e.RowIndex >= 0) {
using ( Brush gridBrush = new SolidBrush(this.dataGridView1.GridColor), backColorBrush = new SolidBrush(e.CellStyle.BackColor)) { using (Pen gridLinePen = new Pen(gridBrush)) { // 擦除原单元格背景 e.Graphics.FillRectangle(backColorBrush, e.CellBounds);
if (e.Value.ToString() != this.dataGridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[e.ColumnIndex + 1].Value.ToString()) {
//右侧的线 e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, e.CellBounds.Right - 1, e.CellBounds.Top, e.CellBounds.Right - 1, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1); //绘制值 if (e.Value != null) { e.Graphics.DrawString((String)e.Value, e.CellStyle.Font, Brushes.Crimson, e.CellBounds.X + 2, e.CellBounds.Y + 2, StringFormat.GenericDefault); } }
//下边缘的线 e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, e.CellBounds.Left, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1, e.CellBounds.Right - 1, e.CellBounds.Bottom - 1); e.Handled = true; } }
}
}
#endregion
三、在GridView中如何格式化Money型字段（downmoon)?
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataKeyNames="PKID" DataMember="DefaultView" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1"> <Columns> <asp:BoundField DataField="PKID" HeaderText="PKID" InsertVisible="False" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="PKID" /> <asp:TemplateField> <HeaderTemplate> amount</HeaderTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="txtMoney" Text='<%# Decimal.Parse(DataBinder.Eval(Container.DataItem,"amount").ToString())%>' runat="server" /> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:BoundField DataField="TestID" HeaderText="TestID" SortExpression="TestID" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="testString" HeaderText="testString" SortExpression="testString" /> </Columns> </asp:GridView>这段代码中,amount为Money型字段，无论如何只能显示成1234.5600 而不能显示成1,234.56用
<asp:BoundField DataField="amount" HeaderText="amount" DataFormatString="{0:n2}" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="amount" HeaderText="amount" DataFormatString="{0:c2}" />也不行！后来在MSDN上找到了答案
<asp:BoundField DataField="amount" HeaderText="amount" DataFormatString="{0:#,###.00}" HtmlEncode="False" />关键在于HtmlEncode="False"
http://blogs.msdn.com/danielfe/archive/2006/02/08/527628.aspx
（源文：http://blog.csdn.net/downmoon/archive/2007/11/01/1860611.aspx）
四、DataGridView合并单元格 编辑单元格
同事的一个项目需要将DataGridView单元格中的内容分不同颜色显示，想了想只有重绘了。这种方法还可以用做合并单元格。
参考代码：
private void dataGridView1_CellPainting(object sender, DataGridViewCellPaintingEventArgs e) { if (e.RowIndex == 0 && e.ColumnIndex >= 0) { int left = e.CellBounds.Left; int top = e.CellBounds.Top; int right = e.CellBounds.Right; int bottom = e.CellBounds.Bottom; e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.White), e.CellBounds); e.Handled = true; Brush gridBrush = new SolidBrush(this.dataGridView1.GridColor); Pen gridLinePen = new Pen(gridBrush); e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, right - 1, top, right - 1, bottom - 1); e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, left, bottom - 1, right, bottom - 1);
Brush b1 = new SolidBrush(Color.Black); e.Graphics.DrawString((String)e.Value, e.CellStyle.Font, b1, left + 2, top + 1, StringFormat.GenericDefault);
Brush b2 = new SolidBrush(Color.Red); e.Graphics.DrawString((String)e.Value, e.CellStyle.Font, b2, left + 2, top + 10, StringFormat.GenericDefault); }
DataGridViewSelectedCellCollection dgvscc = this.dataGridView1.SelectedCells; foreach (DataGridViewCell dgvc in dgvscc) { if (e.RowIndex == 0 && e.RowIndex == dgvc.RowIndex && e.ColumnIndex == dgvc.ColumnIndex) { int left = e.CellBounds.Left; int top = e.CellBounds.Top; int right = e.CellBounds.Right; int bottom = e.CellBounds.Bottom; // 绘制背景，覆盖单元格区域 e.Graphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(10,36,106)), e.CellBounds); // 绘制边框 Brush gridBrush = new SolidBrush(this.dataGridView1.GridColor); Pen gridLinePen = new Pen(gridBrush); e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, right - 1, top, right - 1, bottom - 1); e.Graphics.DrawLine(gridLinePen, left, bottom - 1, right, bottom - 1);
// 绘制文字 Brush b1 = new SolidBrush(Color.White); e.Graphics.DrawString((String)e.Value, e.CellStyle.Font, b1, left + 2, top + 1, StringFormat.GenericDefault);
Brush b2 = new SolidBrush(Color.White); e.Graphics.DrawString((String)e.Value, e.CellStyle.Font, b2, left + 2, top + 10, StringFormat.GenericDefault); } }
e.Handled = true;
}
posted on 2009-11-27 15:35 彬子 阅读( ...) 评论( ...) 编辑 收藏转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangzb/archive/2009/11/27/1612086.html
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