Django基础，Day5 - form表单投票详解

投票URL

polls/urls.py：

# ex: /polls/5/vote/ url(r'^(?P<question_id>[0-9]+)/vote/$', views.vote, name='vote'),

创建投票form表单

polls/templates/polls/detail.html：

<h1>{{ question.question_text }}</h1> {% if error_message %}<p><strong>{{ error_message }}</strong></p>{% endif %} <form action="{% url 'polls:vote' question.id %}" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} {% for choice in question.choice_set.all %} <input type="radio" name="choice" id="choice{{ forloop.counter }}" value="{{ choice.id }}"/> <label for="choice{{ forloop.counter }}">{{ choice.choice_text }}</label><br/> {% endfor %} <input type="submit" value="Vote"/> </form>

代码解释：

 {{ forloop.counter }} : for 循环次数

{% csrf_token %} : 解决POST请求跨域问题 Cross Site Request Forgeries

{% if  %}  {% endif %}:判断

{% for  %} {% endfor %}:循环

投票Views 逻辑处理

投票 views vote in polls/views.py：

from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect from django.urls import reverse def vote(request, question_id): question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id) try: selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice']) except (KeyError, Choice.DoesNotExist): # Redisplay the question voting form. return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', { 'question': question, 'error_message': "You didn't select a choice.", }) else: selected_choice.votes += 1 selected_choice.save() # Always return an HttpResponseRedirect after successfully dealing # with POST data. This prevents data from being posted twice if a # user hits the Back button. return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('polls:results', args=(question.id,)))

代码解释：

request.POST,request.GET： 分别可获得POST或GET方法的参数值，如上 request.POST['choice'] 可取得POST请求中，name值为choice的Value值。若POST参数中没有choice，则会产生KeyError。

HttpResponseRedirect：重定向跳转，提交成功后进行自动重定向跳转是web 开发的一个良好实践。防止数据提交两次。

投票结果页 Views 逻辑处理

views results in polls/views.py:

from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render def results(request, question_id): question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id) return render(request, 'polls/results.html', {'question': question})

投票结果显示 template

polls/templates/polls/results.html：

<h1>{{ question.question_text }}</h1> <ul> {% for choice in question.choice_set.all %} <li>{{ choice.choice_text }} -- {{ choice.votes }} vote{{ choice.votes|pluralize }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> <a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}">Vote again?</a>

实现结果

1、访问detail.html：http://localhost:8000/polls/1/

2、选择后，点击vote投票，跳转到结果页 results.html

 

 

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转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/guanfuchang/p/6256879.html