具体步骤如下： 一、主库操作 1、修改主库属性： alter system force logging; ##查看状态 select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database; 2、修改 数据库为归档模式： archive log list; shutdown immediate; startup mount; alter database archivelog;(alter database noarchivelog;关掉归档模式) archive log list; 3、添加standby logfile(也可以不加) 为主数据库添加"备用联机日志文件"，这里要保证备日志文件与主库联机日志文件相同大小。 添加备用日志文件是规则： 备用日志最少应该比redo log 多一个。推荐的备重做日志数依赖于主数据库上的线程数。 (每线程日志文件最大数目 + 1 ) * 线程数 alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo04a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo04b.log') size 50m, group 5 ('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo05a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo05b.log') size 50m, group 6 ('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo06a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo06b.log') size 50m, group 7 ('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo07a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo08b.dbf') size 50m; 否则备库在应用时报如下信息： RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/oracle2/arch/1_30_633287861.dbf' 在主库添加完standby logfile后，当主库切换后备库后会自动使用备库的redo logfile，具体应用信息如下： RFS[1]: Successfully opened standby log 4: '/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/redo04.log' RFS[1]: Successfully opened standby log 4: '/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/redo04.log' 4、修改主库参数文件： 10g.__db_cache_size=1207959552 10g.__java_pool_size=16777216 10g.__large_pool_size=16777216 10g.__shared_pool_size=352321536 10g.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/adump' *.background_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/bdump' *.compatible='10.2.0.3.0' *.control_files='/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control01.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control02.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control03.ctl' *.core_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/cdump' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16 *.db_name='10g' *.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gpri' [color=Red]###必须 定义每个数据库的唯一标识[/color] *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)' [color=Red]###必须[/color] *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle2/arch/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gpri' [color=Red]###必须 本地的归档路径[/color] *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=10gstandby arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gstandby' [color=Red]###必须(远程服务器端的归档日志)[/color] *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE *.FAL_SERVER=10gpri [color=Red] ### 定义FAL服务器的Oracle Net服务的名称[/color]*.FAL_CLIENT=10gstandby [color=Red]### 定义备数据库的Oracle Net服务名 （这两个参数在主库可有可无，但备库必须有。ORACLE 老外工程师说这个必须有^_^） [/color] *.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648 *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=10gXDB)' *.job_queue_processes=10 *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=1707081728 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=1610612736 *.undo_management='AUTO' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.user_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/udump' *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO [color=Red] ###设置为AUTO,使得当数据文件添加到主数据库或者从主数据库删除的时候,对应的修改能够在备用数据库中自动执行.[/color] 5、用pfile启动，再重新创建spfile. shutdown immediate; startup pfile='./pfile.pra'; create spfile from pfile='./pfile.ora'; shutdown immediate; startup; 6、在主库创建密码文件、以及控制文件。 orapwd file=orapw10gstandby.ora password=change_on_install entries=10 alter database create standby database controlfile '/tmp/standby.ctl'; 7、TNS信息如下： 主库 10g= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = 10g) ) ) 10gpri= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.169.1.224)(PORT = 1921)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = 10g) ) ) 10gstandby = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = 10g) ) ) 8、对主库进行全库 备份 run { allocate channel t1 type disk; allocate channel t2 type disk; backup database format '/tmp/full_%s'; release channel t1; release channel t2; }
二、备库操作如下：1、依照主库的数据文件位置，在备库上创建相应的目录结构（最好与主库一致）；mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/....2、通过FTP把在主库创建的密码文件、standby controlfile、full backup database文件到备库主机上。3、备份的参数文件内容：10g.__db_cache_size=120795955210g.__java_pool_size=1677721610g.__large_pool_size=1677721610g.__shared_pool_size=35232153610g.__streams_pool_size=0*.audit_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/adump'*.background_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/bdump'*.compatible='10.2.0.3.0'*.control_files='/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control01.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control02.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control03.ctl'*.core_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/cdump'*.db_block_size=8192*.db_domain=''*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16*.db_name='10g'[color=Lime]*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gstandby' ##*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)' ##[/color][color=Lime]*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle2/arch/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gstandby' ##*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=10gpri arch ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gpri' ##[/color]*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE[color=Lime]*.FAL_SERVER=10gstandby ##*.FAL_CLIENT=10gpri ##[/color]*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=10gXDB)'*.job_queue_processes=10*.open_cursors=300*.pga_aggregate_target=1707081728*.processes=150*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'*.sga_target=1610612736*.undo_management='AUTO'*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'*.user_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/udump'*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO ##4、分别对备库进行全库恢复，并启动到standby database mount状态下。用PFILE文件起动到nomount状态下，恢复控制文件;起动到mount状态下，然后再恢复全库。5、TNS信息如下：10g= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = 10g) ) )10gpri= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.169.1.224)(PORT = 1921)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = 10g) ) ) 10gstandby = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = 10g) ) ) 用TNSPING 对方是否通。6、修改备库处于应用归档状态alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; 如果主库从不过来归档，可以通过在主库侧手工修改参数如下：ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2='DEFER' SCOPE=MEMORY;ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE' SCOPE=MEMORY;7、测试通过在主库执行alter system switch logfile;切换日志可以观察到备库会自动应用通过主库传过来的日志。三、切换测试1、在主库端select switchover_stats from v$database;如果是to standby 表可以正常切换.直接执行 ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY;否则执行: ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;shutdown immediate;startup nomount;alter database mount standby database;2、在备库在备库 SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE; 如果是to_primary 表可以正常切换.执行:ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY;否则执行: ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;shutdown immediate;startup;然后观察主备库日志,如果正常的话会看到备库会自动应用日志.
转载自：http://space.itpub.net/15843490/viewspace-584423
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wuhenke/archive/2010/10/25/1860838.html
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