实验环境：CentOS 7 minimal ,hostname:linuxprobe.org IP:10.1.1.53【1】GNOME桌面环境1、先把最小化安装完成的CentOS7做下快照（本文安装的CentOS在workstation里）2、通过远程连接上安装的CentOS7，（通过Xshell）桌面环境不是服务器使用所必需的。但有时安装或使用应用程序需要桌面环境，然后构建桌面环境。3、执行下面命令安装GNOME Desktop Environment[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y groups install "GNOME Desktop" 4、在完成新软件包的安装后输入如下所示的命令[root@linuxprobe ~]# startx5、GNOME桌面环境启动。对于第一次引导，初始设置运行如下。首先选择系统语言。
6、选择键盘类型为英文，根据提示完成安装【2】KDE桌面环境[root@vdevops ~]# yum -y groups install "KDE Plasma Workspaces" [root@dlp ~]# echo "exec startkde" >> ~/.xinitrc [root@dlp ~]# statrx【3】Cinnamon桌面环境[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y groups install "Server with GUI"# install from EPEL[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install cinnamon* [root@linuxprobe ~]# echo "exec /usr/bin/cinnamon-session" >> ~/.xinitrc[root@linuxprobe ~]# startx【4】MATE桌面环境[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y groups install "Server with GUI"# install from EPEL[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y groups install "MATE Desktop" [root@linuxprobe ~]# echo "exec /usr/bin/mate-session" >> ~/.xinitrc[root@linuxprobe ~]# startx【5】Xfce桌面环境[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y groups install "Server with GUI"# install from EPEL[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y groups install "Xfce" [root@linuxprobe ~]# echo "exec /usr/bin/xfce4-session" >> ~/.xinitrc[root@linuxprobe ~]# startx【5】VNC安装VNC服务器从远程客户端连接[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install tigervnc-server[root@linuxprobe ~]# su - wang# switch to a user you'd like to config VNC[wang@linuxprobe ~]$ vncpasswd# set VNC passwordPassword:# inputVerify:# confirm# run with diplay number '1', screen resolution '800x600', color depth '24'[wang@linuxprobe ~]$ vncserver :1 -geometry 800x600 -depth 24#下载VNC客户点连接VNC服务器http://www.uvnc.com/downloads/ultravnc.html【6】VNC客户端：noVNC6.1、安装一些软件包并创建SSL证书。从EPEL源安装[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install novnc python-websockify numpy #创建证书[root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs[root@linuxprobe certs]# openssl req -x509 -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/pki/tls/certs/novnc.pem -out /etc/pki/tls/certs/novnc.pem -days Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key.................................+++......................+++writing new private key to '/etc/pki/tls/certs/novnc.pem'-----You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporatedinto your certificate request.What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blankFor some fields there will be a default value,If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.-----Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN #国家State or Province Name (full name) []:Shanghai #地区Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Shanghai #城市Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:LinuxProbe #组织Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:IT Solution #部门Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:linuxprobe.org #域名Email Address []:shaon@linuxprobe.org #邮件地址6.2、开始Websockify用户运行VNC服务器和代理localhost:5901年在端口6080上。注：NOVNC一来VNC server，确保vnc server已设置完成，确认防火墙已关闭，这是个坑[root@linuxprobe certs]# websockify -D --web=/usr/share/novnc/ --cert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/novnc.pem 6080 localhost:5902WebSocket server settings: - Listen on :6080 - Flash security policy server - Web server. Web root: /usr/share/novnc - SSL/TLS support - Backgrounding (daemon)#从具有Web浏览器的客户端访问“http：//（服务器的主机名或IP地址）：6080 /”，然后显示noVNC表单，如下所示，使用VNC密码登录。如下图：#连接成功显示【7】安装Xrdp服务器7.1、安装Xrdp服务器以从Windows远程桌面功能连接到CentOS# install from EPEL[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install xrdp[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl start xrdp[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl enable xrdp 7.2、从Windows客户端连接。例如在Windows 8.1上，在开始菜单上启动“远程桌面连接”。按window键+r键，弹出运行框，输入mstsc调出windows远程连接客户端总结：CentOS图形界面一般情况下是不需要的，但是特殊情况下需要用到图形界面 时可以根据上面来进行图形界面安装，特别注意，安装VNC服务器时，通过客户端连接如果不成功检查服务端的防火墙是不是没有关闭。--------------------- 作者：shaonbean 来源： 原文：https://blog.csdn.net/wh211212/article/details/52937299 版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/pcoanet/p/10131723.html
