假如现在有一段不完整的HTML代码,我们现在要使用Beautiful Soup模块来解析这段HTML代码
data = ''' <html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></he <body> <p class="title"><b id="title">The Dormouse's story</b></p> <p class="story">Once upon a time there were three <a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" i <a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" i <a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p> <p class="story">...</p> ''' 首先需要导入BeautifulSoup模块,再实例化BeautifulSoup对象 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup(data,'lxml') 如果你依然在编程的世界里迷茫, 不知道自己的未来规划, 对python感兴趣, 这里推荐一下我的学习交流圈QQ群:895 797 751, 里面都是学习python的, 然后通过BeautifulSoup提供的方法就可以拿到HTML的元素、属性、链接、文本等,BeautifulSoup模块可以将不完整的HTML文档,格式化为完整的HTML文档 ,比如我们打印print(soup.prettify())看一下输出什么? <html> <head> <title> The Dormouse's story </title> </head> <body> <p class="title"> <b id="title"> The Dormouse's story </b> </p> <p class="story"> Once upon a time there were three <a a="" and="" at="" bottom="" class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" i="" lived="" of="" the="" they="" well.=""> <p class="story"> ... </p> </a> </p> </body> </html> 获取标签,如title标签,a标签等 print('title = {}'.format(soup.title)) # 输出:title = <title>The Dormouse's story</title> print('a={}'.format(soup.a)) 获取标签的名称,如title标签,body标签等 print('title_name = {}'.format(soup.title.name)) # 输出:title_name = title print('body_name = {}'.format(soup.body.name)) # 输出:body_name = body 获取标签的内容,如title标签 print('title_string = {}'.format(soup.title.string)) # 输出:title_string = The Dormouse's story 如果想要获取某个标签的父标签的名称,可以使用parent,如title标签,可以得到父标签head标签,且会自定补齐不完整的标签; print('title_pareat_name = {}'.format(soup.title.parent)) # 输出:title_pareat_name = <head><title>The Dormouse's story</title> </head> 获取第一个p标签 print('p = {}'.format(soup.p)) # 输出:p = <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p> 获取第一个p标签的class的值,获取第一个a标签的class值 print('p_class = {}'.format(soup.p["class"])) # 输出:p_class = ['title'] print('a_class = {}'.format(soup.a["class"])) # 输出:a_class = ['sister'] 获取所有的标签 # 获取所有的a标签 print('a = {}'.format(soup.find_all('a'))) # 获取所有的p标签 print('p = {}'.format(soup.find_all('p'))) 获取id为link3的标签 print('a_link = {}'.format(soup.find(id='title'))) # 输出:a_link = <b id="title">The Dormouse's story</b>BeautifulSoup对象分为四类,分别是Tag(获取标签), NavigableString(获取标签内容) , BeautifulSoup(根标签), Comment(标签内的所有的文本) ;
语法:
soup.标签名:获取HTML中的标签;soup.标签名.name:获取HTML中标签的名称;soup.标签名.attrs:获取标签的所有属性;soup.标签名.string:获取HTML中标签的文本内容;soup.标签名.parent:获取HTML中标签的父标签;prettify()方法:可以将Beautiful Soup的文档树格式化后以Unicode编码输出,每个XML/HTML标签都独占一行;更多关于Beautiful Soup模块的知识可以查看:https://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/index.zh.html