pytest学习教程--参数化的Fixture(5)

it2022-05-05  126

背景

继续上一节的测试需求,在上一节里,任何1条测试数据导致断言不通过后测试用例就会停止运行,这样每次只能检查出1条不符合规范的数据,有没有什么办法可以一次性把所有的不符合结果都测出来呢?

这时候我们就需要用到参数化的fixture特性了

更新数据文件

新建users.test.json文件,内容如下

[ {"name":"jack","password":"Iloverose"}, {"name":"rose","password":"Ilovejack"}, {"name":"tom","password":"password123"}, {"name":"mike","password":"password"}, {"name":"james","password":"AGoodPasswordWordShouldBeLongEnough"} ]

我们增加了2条用户信息,其中mike的密码是弱密码。

参数化fixture

参数化fixture允许我们向fixture提供参数,参数可以是list,该list中有几条数据,fixture就会运行几次,相应的测试用例也会运行几次。

参数化fixture的语法是

@pytest.fixture(params=[“smtp.gmail.com”, “mail.python.org”])

其中len(params)的值就是用例执行的次数

在fixture的定义中,可以使用request.param来获取每次传入的参数,如下:

@pytest.fixture(scope="module",params=["smtp.gmail.com", "mail.python.org"]) def smtp(request): smtp = smtplib.SMTP(request.param, 587, timeout=5) yield smtp print ("finalizing %s" % smtp) smtp.close()

上面的代码smtp fixture会执行2次 第1次request.param == ‘smtp.gmail.com’ 第2次request.param == ‘mail.python.org’

实现用例

我们现在使用参数化fixtures来实现一次性检查出弱密码的用例。

新建文件test_user_password_with_params.py,内容如下:

import pytest import json users = json.loads(open('./users.test.json', 'r').read()) class TestUserPasswordWithParam(object): @pytest.fixture(params=users) def user(self, request): return request.param def test_user_password(self, user): passwd = user['password'] assert len(passwd) >= 6 msg = "user %s has a weak password" %(user['name']) assert passwd != 'password', msg assert passwd != 'password123', msg

上面的例子里,我们先把所有用户信息读到users变量里,注意users这时候是list类型,可以直接传入到fixture的params

运行及结果

运行

pytest test_user_password_with_params.py

结果

$ pytest test_user_password_with_params.py ========================= test session starts========================= platform darwin – Python 2.7.12, pytest-3.2.3, py-1.4.34, pluggy-0.4.0 rootdir: /Users/easonhan/code/testclass.net/src/pytest, inifile: collected 5 items test_user_password_with_params.py …FF. ========================== FAILURES==================== _________________________________________________________ TestUserPasswordWithParam.test_user_password[user2]


self = <test_user_password_with_params.TestUserPasswordWithParam object at 0x10de1d790>, user = {‘name’: ‘tom’, ‘password’: ‘password123’}

def test_user_password(self, user): passwd = user[‘password’] assert len(passwd) >= 6 msg = “user %s has a weak password” %(user[‘name’]) assert passwd != ‘password’, msg assert passwd != ‘password123’, msg E AssertionError: user tom has a weak password E assert ‘password123’ != ‘password123’

test_user_password_with_params.py:15: AssertionError _________________________________________________________ TestUserPasswordWithParam.test_user_password[user3]


self = <test_user_password_with_params.TestUserPasswordWithParam object at 0x10de1df50>, user = {‘name’: ‘mike’, ‘password’: ‘password’}

def test_user_password(self, user): passwd = user[‘password’] assert len(passwd) >= 6 msg = “user %s has a weak password” %(user[‘name’]) assert passwd != ‘password’, msg

E AssertionError: user mike has a weak password E assert ‘password’ != ‘password’ test_user_password_with_params.py:14: AssertionError ============ 2 failed, 3 passed in 0.05 seconds==========================

稍微留意一下, 可以看出tom和mike使用了弱密码。总共运行了5个用例,3个成功,2个失败。

fixture的更多特性

fixture还有很多更加灵活和深入的用法,具体见官方文档


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