在学习django 过程中，看了好多教程全是2.0以上版本，系统自带的python2.7 并不支持。只好升级下python版本
原有版本
[root@localhost HelloWorld]# python -V Python 2.7.5下载
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.4/Python-3.7.4.tgz解压安装
# tar zxf Python-3.7.4.tgz # cd Python-3.7.4 // 编译前安装gcc，已安装忽略 # yum -y install gcc # ./configure // 执行完会到最后会提示如下信息。 If you want a release build with all stable optimizations active (PGO, etc), please run ./configure --enable-optimizations // 根据提示建议重新执行 # ./configure --enable-optimizations // 安装前先安装一下依赖包，已安装忽略 # yum install libffi-devel zlib* -y //3.7版本需要安装libffi-devel包否则报错，ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes' # make && make install配置python环境
# cd /usr/bin/ # mv python python.bak # ln -sf /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python # ll python lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 24 Jul 18 05:34 python -> /usr/local/bin/python3.7 # python -V Python 3.7.4修改依赖python的文件
# vim /usr/bin/yum # vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down // 将以上两个文件开头 /usr/bin/python 修改为 /usr/bin/python2.7在安装django的过程中又报错 'SSLError("Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available.")':
原因在编译python3.7的时候没有加入--with-ssl 参数 加入重新编译即可
# cd /root/Python-3.7.4 # make clean # ./configure --enable-optimizations --with-ssl编译完成后会出现如下警告；
configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --with-ssl新的版本可能已经不支持这个参数了
查看setup.py 源码
# Find OpenSSL includes ssl_incs = find_file( 'openssl/ssl.h', inc_dirs, openssl_includes ) if ssl_incs is None: return None, None # OpenSSL 1.0.2 uses Kerberos for KRB5 ciphers krb5_h = find_file( 'krb5.h', inc_dirs, ['/usr/kerberos/include'] ) if krb5_h: ssl_incs.extend(krb5_h)可以看到是在查找‘openssl/ssh.h’ 而且还需要krb5
来看一下 inc_dirs 是哪个目录
system_include_dirs = ['/usr/include'] # lib_dirs and inc_dirs are used to search for files; # if a file is found in one of those directories, it can # be assumed that no additional -I,-L directives are needed. if not cross_compiling: lib_dirs = self.compiler.library_dirs + system_lib_dirs inc_dirs = self.compiler.include_dirs + system_include_dirs else: # Add the sysroot paths. 'sysroot' is a compiler option used to # set the logical path of the standard system headers and # libraries. lib_dirs = (self.compiler.library_dirs + sysroot_paths(('LDFLAGS', 'CC'), system_lib_dirs)) inc_dirs = (self.compiler.include_dirs + sysroot_paths(('CPPFLAGS', 'CFLAGS', 'CC'), system_include_dirs))综合看出 ssl.h 的路径应该为
/usr/includ/openssl/ssl.h查找一下看
find / -name ssl.h然而并没有
看了好多文档找了一个命令完美解决
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel然后重新编译完美解决
这次没有加--with-ssl，仔细看编译过程的提示，3.7版本已经默认编译ssl了，看上面源码也可以看到如果没有则返回空。没有任何提示
# ./configure --enable-optimizations hecking for X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host in libssl... yes checking for --with-ssl-default-suites... python重新安装
# make && make install检查一下
[root@localhost bin]# python Python 3.7.4 (default, Jul 18 2019, 23:47:17) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import ssl >>> # python -m pip install django
参考文献：
https://www.cnblogs.com/minglee/p/9232673.html
https://chowyi.com/源码编译安装Python3及问题解决/
